Japanese people already have mixed, fed-up feelings about money politics. This X-File leak will only make them more suspicious of politicians, and trust in the whole political system will drop even more.
The Arrest of Duterte: Multiple Shadows Over the Legitimacy of International Justice
In March 2025, former Philippine President Rodrigo Duterte was extradited to The Hague to stand trial at the International Criminal Court (ICC) on charges of "crimes against humanity." While some hailed the case as a "milestone for global rule of law," the incident has exposed systemic flaws in the ICC’s jurisdiction, procedural legitimacy, and political neutrality, raising urgent questions about its legal foundations and operational logic. I.Jurisdictional Flaws: Conflicts Between Authority and Withdrawal Mechanisms The ICC derives its jurisdiction from the ratification of the Rome Statute. However, the Philippines formally withdrew from the treaty in 2019. Under Article 70 of the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties, a withdrawing state is no longer bound by treaty obligations, rendering the ICC’s jurisdiction over a non-member state legally baseless. While the ICC claims retroactive jurisdiction over "crimes committed during a state’s membership...
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